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———. n.d. ‘On Crimes and Punishments’. http://www.uk.sagepub.com/upm-data/53645_McLaughlin_&_Muncie_Chapter_1.pdf.
BEIRNE, PIERS. 1991. ‘INVENTING CRIMINOLOGY: THE “SCIENCE OF MAN” IN CESARE BECCARIA’S DEI DELITTI E DELLE PENE (1764)*’. Criminology 29 (4): 777–820. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.1991.tb01088.x.
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Bernard, Thomas J., Vold, George B., Snipes, Jeffrey B., and Gerould, Alexander L. 2010a. Vold’s Theoretical Criminology. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
———. 2010b. Vold’s Theoretical Criminology. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
———. 2010c. Vold’s Theoretical Criminology. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
———. 2010d. Vold’s Theoretical Criminology. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bernard, Thomas J., George B. Vold, Jeffrey B. Snipes, and Alexander L. Gerould. 2010. Vold’s Theoretical Criminology. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
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Carrabine, Eamonn. 2009a. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=401830.
———. 2009b. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=401830.
———. 2009c. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=401830.
Carrabine, Eamonn, Pamela Cox, Pete Fussey, Dick Hobbs, Nigel South, Darren Thiel, and Jackie Turton. 2014a. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. Third edition. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
———. 2014b. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. Third edition. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
———. 2014c. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. Third edition. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Carrabine, Eamonn and Taylor & Francis. 2009a. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203884942.
———. 2009b. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203884942.
———. 2009c. Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203884942.
Chesney-Lind, M. 2006. ‘Patriarchy, Crime, and Justice: Feminist Criminology in an Era of Backlash’. Feminist Criminology 1 (1): 6–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085105282893.
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Clarke, R.V.G. 2013. ‘Situational Crime Prevention: Theory and Practice’. In Criminological Perspectives, 3rd ed. Los Angeles, Calif: SAGE.
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Cohen, Albert Kircidel. 1971. Delinquent Boys: The Culture of the Gang. London: Collier Macmillan.
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Cressey, Donald R. and Ward, David A. 1969a. Delinquency, Crime and Social Process. Harper & Row.
———. 1969b. Delinquency, Crime and Social Process. Harper & Row.
———. 1969c. Delinquency, Crime and Social Process. Harper & Row.
———. 1969d. Delinquency, Crime and Social Process. Harper & Row.
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Dana M. Britton. 2000. ‘Feminism in Criminology: Engendering the Outlaw’. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 571: 57–76. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1049134.
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Durkheim, Émile and Social Theory (post April 2014 purchasers). 1951. Suicide, a Study in Sociology. [S.l.]: Free Press. http://0-www.aspresolver.com.wam.city.ac.uk/aspresolver.asp?STH2;S10019523.
Erikson, Kai T. 1961. ‘Notes on the Sociology of Deviance’. Social Problems 9. http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/socprob9&collection=journals&page=307#317.
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———. 2013. ‘Causes of Criminal Behaviour’. In Criminological Perspectives, 3rd ed. Los Angeles, Calif: SAGE.
Fitzgerald, Mike, McLennan, Gregor, and Pawson, Jennie. 1981a. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. Vol. An Open University set book. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul in association with Open University Press.
Fitzgerald, Mike, Gregor McLennan, and Jennie Pawson. 1981a. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Routledge in association with the Open University Press. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203478783.
———. 1981b. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Routledge in association with the Open University Press. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203478783.
Fitzgerald, Mike, McLennan, Gregor, and Pawson, Jennie. 1981b. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. Vol. An Open University set book. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul in association with Open University Press.
———. 1981c. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. Vol. An Open University set book. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul in association with Open University Press.
Fitzgerald, Mike, Gregor McLennan, and Jennie Pawson. 1981c. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. Vol. An Open University set book. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul in association with Open University Press.
Fitzgerald, Mike, McLennan, Gregor, and Pawson, Jennie. 1981d. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. Vol. An Open University set book. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul in association with Open University Press.
Fitzgerald, Mike, Gregor McLennan, and Jennie Pawson. 1981d. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul in association with Open University Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=181710.
Fitzgerald, Mike, McLennan, Gregor, and Pawson, Jennie. 1981e. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. Vol. An Open University set book. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul in association with Open University Press.
Fitzgerald, Mike, McLennan, Gregor, Pawson, Jennie, and MyiLibrary. 2005a. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Taylor & Francis e-Library. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=181710.
———. 2005b. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Taylor & Francis e-Library. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=181710.
———. 2005c. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Taylor & Francis e-Library.
Fitzgerald, Mike, Gregor McLennan, Jennie Pawson, and MyiLibrary. 2005. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Taylor & Francis e-Library. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=181710.
Fitzgerald, Mike, McLennan, Gregor, Pawson, Jennie, and MyiLibrary. 2005d. Crime and Society: Readings in History and Theory. London: Taylor & Francis e-Library. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=181710.
Fitz-Gibbon, Kate, and Sandra Walklate. 2018. Gender, Crime and Criminal Justice. Third edition. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Garland, D. 1988a. ‘British Criminology before 1935’. British Journal of Criminology 28 (2): 1–17.
———. 1988b. ‘British Criminology before 1935’. British Journal of Criminology 28 (2): 1–17.
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———. 1990b. A General Theory of Crime. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.
Hale, Chris. 2009. Criminology. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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Heidensohn, Frances. 2006. Gender and Justice: New Concepts and Approaches. Cullompton: Willan.
Heidensohn, Frances and Dawsonera. 2006. Gender and Justice: New Concepts and Approaches. Cullompton: Willan. http://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=CityUniLon&isbn=9781843926122.
Henry, Stuart and Einstadter, Werner J. 1998. The Criminology Theory Reader. London: New York University Press.
Hillyard, Paddy. 2004. Beyond Criminology: Taking Harm Seriously. London: Pluto.
Hillyard, Paddy. 2004. Beyond Criminology: Taking Harm Seriously. London: Pluto Press. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3386534.
Hirschi, Travis. 1977. ‘Causes and Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency’. Sociological Inquiry 47 (3–4): 322–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682X.1977.tb00804.x.
———. 2002a. Causes of Delinquency. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=395566.
———. 2002b. Causes of Delinquency. [New ed.]. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction.
———. 2002c. Causes of Delinquency. [New ed.]. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction.
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Lemert, Edwin M. 2020. Social Pathology: A Systematic Approach to the Theory of Sociopathic Behavior. [Place of publication not identified]: Barakaldo Books. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=6179238.
Lilly, J. Robert, Cullen, Francis T., and Ball, Richard A. 2011a. Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences. 5th ed. London: SAGE.
———. 2011b. Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences. 5th ed. London: SAGE.
Lombroso, Cesare, Guglielmo Ferrero, Nicole Hahn Rafter, Mary Gibson, ebrary, Inc, and Academic Search Complete. 2004. Criminal Woman, the Prostitute, and the Normal Woman. Durham: Duke University Press. https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=asn&jid=16UG&scope=site&authtype=ip,shib&custid=s1089299.
Lombroso, Gina and APA PsycBOOKS. 1911. Criminal Man, According to the Classification of Cesare Lombroso. [S.l.]: G P Putnam’s Sons. https://search.ebscohost.com/direct.asp?db=pzh&jid=200603527&scope=site&authtype=ip,shib&custid=s1089299.
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———. 2012b. The Oxford Handbook of Criminology. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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———. 2013b. Criminological Perspectives. 3rd ed. London: SAGE.
———. 2013c. Criminological Perspectives. 3rd ed. Los Angeles, Calif: SAGE.
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———. 2013m. Criminological Perspectives. 3rd ed. Los Angeles, Calif: SAGE.
McLaughlin, Eugene, Muncie, John, Hughes, Gordon, Langan, Mary, and Open University. 2003a. Criminological Perspectives: Essential Readings. 2nd ed. London: SAGE in association with The Open University.
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———. 2003h. Criminological Perspectives: Essential Readings. 2nd ed. London: SAGE in association with The Open University.
———. 2003i. Criminological Perspectives: Essential Readings. 2nd ed. London: SAGE in association with The Open University.
———. 2003j. Criminological Perspectives: Essential Readings. 2nd ed. London: SAGE in association with The Open University.
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Smart, Carol. 2013. Women, Crime and Criminology: A Feminist Critique. Abingdon: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203079676.
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———. 2013b. The New Criminology: For a Social Theory of Deviance. 40th anniversary ed. London: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203730157.
———. 2013c. The New Criminology: For a Social Theory of Deviance. 40th anniversary ed. London: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203730157.
———. 2013d. The New Criminology: For a Social Theory of Deviance. 40th anniversary ed. London: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203730157.
———. 2013e. The New Criminology: For a Social Theory of Deviance. 40th anniversary ed. London: Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/start-session?idp=https://eresources.city.ac.uk/oala/metadata&redirectUri=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203730157.
Taylor, Ian, Ian R. Taylor, Paul Walton, and Jock Young. 1973a. New Criminology. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3060330.
———. 1973b. New Criminology. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3060330.
———. 1973c. New Criminology. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3060330.
———. 1973d. New Criminology. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3060330.
———. 1973e. New Criminology. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3060330.
———. 1973f. New Criminology. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3060330.
———. 1973g. New Criminology. London: Routledge. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=3060330.
Thrasher, Frederic Milton, and James F. Short. 1963. The Gang: A Study of 1,313 Gangs in Chicago. Abridged ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Tierney, John, and John Tierney. 2011. Criminology: Theory and Context. 3rd ed. Milton: Taylor & Francis Group. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/city/detail.action?docID=5268570.
Traub, Stuart H. and Little, Craig B. 1999a. Theories of Deviance. 5th ed. Itasca, Ill: F.E. Peacock.
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———. 1999d. Theories of Deviance. 5th ed. Itasca, Ill: F.E. Peacock.
Traub, Stuart H., and Craig B. Little. 1999. Theories of Deviance. 5th ed. Itasca, Ill: F.E. Peacock.
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